使用Python腳本在Linux下實現部分BashShell的教程

$ cat names.log | sort | uniq | wc -l

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 # 初始化一個names的字典，內容為空
 # 字典中為name和出現數量的鍵值對
 names = {}
 # sys.stdin是一個文件對象。 所有引用于file對象的方法，
 # 都可以應用于sys.stdin.
 for name in sys.stdin.readlines():
 # 每一行都有一個newline字符做結尾
 # 我們需要刪除它
 name = name.strip()
 if name in names:
 names[name] += 1
 else:
 names[name] = 1
 
 # 迭代字典,
 # 

$ cat names.log | python namescount.py

$ cat names.log | python namescount.py | sort -rn

$ cat names.log | python namescount.py | sort -rn | head -n 5

"email@example.com", "This service is great."

#!/usr/bin/env python
# CSV module that comes with the Python standard library
import csv
import sys
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 # CSV模塊使用一個reader對象作為輸入
 # 在這個例子中，就是 sys.stdin.
 csvfile = csv.reader(sys.stdin)
 
 # 這個腳本必須接收一個參數，指定列的序號
 # 使用sys.argv獲取參數.
 column_number = 0
 if len(sys.argv) > 1:
 column_number = int(sys.argv[1])
 
 # CSV文件的每一行都是用逗號作為字段的分隔符
 for row in csvfile:
 print row[column_number]

#!/usr/bin/env python
import smtplib
import sys
 
 
GMAIL_SMTP_SERVER = "smtp.gmail.com"
GMAIL_SMTP_PORT = 587
 
GMAIL_EMAIL = "Your Gmail Email Goes Here"
GMAIL_PASSWORD = "Your Gmail Password Goes Here"
 
 
def initialize_smtp_server():
 '''
 This function initializes and greets the smtp server.
 It logs in using the provided credentials and returns
 the smtp server object as a result.
 '''
 smtpserver = smtplib.SMTP(GMAIL_SMTP_SERVER, GMAIL_SMTP_PORT)
 smtpserver.ehlo()
 smtpserver.starttls()
 smtpserver.ehlo()
 smtpserver.login(GMAIL_EMAIL, GMAIL_PASSWORD)
 return smtpserver
 
 
def send_thank_you_mail(email):
 to_email = email
 from_email = GMAIL_EMAIL
 subj = "Thanks for being an active commenter"
 # The header consists of the To and From and Subject lines
 # separated using a newline character
 header = "To:%s
From:%s
Subject:%s 
" % (to_email,
 from_email, subj)
 # Hard-coded templates are not best practice.
 msg_body = """
 Hi %s,
 
 Thank you very much for your repeated comments on our service.
 The interaction is much appreciated.
 
 Thank You.""" % email
 content = header + "
" + msg_body
 smtpserver = initialize_smtp_server()
 smtpserver.sendmail(from_email, to_email, content)
 smtpserver.close()
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 # for every line of input.
 for email in sys.stdin.readlines():
 send_thank_you_mail(email)

$ cat emailcomments.csv | python csvcolumn.py |
 ?python namescount.py | sort -rn > /tmp/comment_freq
$ cat /tmp/comment_freq | head -n 10 | cut -f2 |
 ?python sendemail.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 # The first argument of sys.argv is always the filename,
 # meaning that the length of system arguments will be
 # more than one, when command-line arguments exist.
 if len(sys.argv) > 2:
 num1 = long(sys.argv[1])
 num2 = long(sys.argv[2])
 else:
 print "This command takes two arguments and adds them"
 print "Less than two arguments given."
 sys.exit(1)
 print "%s" % str(num1 + num2)

#!/usr/bin/env python
import smtplib
import sys
 
from optparse import OptionParser
 
def initialize_smtp_server(smtpserver, smtpport, email, pwd):
 '''
 This function initializes and greets the SMTP server.
 It logs in using the provided credentials and returns the
 SMTP server object as a result.
 '''
 smtpserver = smtplib.SMTP(smtpserver, smtpport)
 smtpserver.ehlo()
 smtpserver.starttls()
 smtpserver.ehlo()
 smtpserver.login(email, pwd)
 return smtpserver
 
 
def send_thank_you_mail(email, smtpserver):
 to_email = email
 from_email = GMAIL_EMAIL
 subj = "Thanks for being an active commenter"
 # The header consists of the To and From and Subject lines
 # separated using a newline character.
 header = "To:%s
From:%s
Subject:%s 
" % (to_email,
 from_email, subj)
 # Hard-coded templates are not best practice.
 msg_body = """
 Hi %s,
 
 Thank you very much for your repeated comments on our service.
 The interaction is much appreciated.
 
 Thank You.""" % email
 content = header + "
" + msg_body
 smtpserver.sendmail(from_email, to_email, content)
 
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
 usage = "usage: %prog [options]"
 parser = OptionParser(usage=usage)
 parser.add_option("--email", dest="email",
 help="email to login to smtp server")
 parser.add_option("--pwd", dest="pwd",
 help="password to login to smtp server")
 parser.add_option("--smtp-server", dest="smtpserver",
 help="smtp server url", default="smtp.gmail.com")
 parser.add_option("--smtp-port", dest="smtpserverport",
 help="smtp server port", default=587)
 options, args = parser.parse_args()
 
 if not (options.email or options.pwd):
 parser.error("Must provide both an email and a password")
 
 smtpserver = initialize_smtp_server(options.stmpserver,
 options.smtpserverport, options.email, options.pwd)
 
 # for every line of input.
 for email in sys.stdin.readlines():
 send_thank_you_mail(email, smtpserver)
 smtpserver.close()